Operational sequence
- Write at least three plausible hypotheses before requesting more evidence.
- State what each hypothesis predicts and what it fails to explain.
- Identify assumptions that are unique to each explanation.
- Collect the evidence with the greatest discriminatory value.
- Update confidence in public rather than deleting the losing theory.
Failure states
- One favored theory plus two absurd straw alternatives
- Adding complexity only to rescue the preferred theory
- Treating plausibility as probability
- Assuming mixed causes are impossible