World Context: Burundi

Source and mapping status

This page maps the site registry entry “Burundi” to the supplied dataset entity “Burundi.” Mapping status: exact-name. The source is a frozen 2025 snapshot; dates embedded in individual fields remain controlling.

• Source entity count: 1.
• Selected public fields present: 18.
• Independent corroboration in this page: none.

Place and environment

Location: Central Africa, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west of Tanzania Area: total : 27,830 sq km; land: 25,680 sq km; water: 2,150 sq km Climate: equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees Celsius but is generally moderate; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm with two wet seasons (February to May and September to November) and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January) Terrain: hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains Natural hazards: flooding; landslides; drought Environmental issues: soil erosion from overgrazing and agricultural expansion; deforestation; wildlife habitat loss

Population, settlement, and language context

Population: total: 13,590,102 (2024 est.); male: 6,755,456; female: 6,834,646 Population distribution: one of Africa's most densely populated countries; concentrations tend to be in the north and along the northern shore of Lake Tanganyika in the west; most people live on farms near areas of fertile volcanic soil, as shown in this population distribution map Urbanization: urban population: 14.8% of total population (2023); rate of urbanization: 5.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) Languages: Kirundi (official), French (official), English (official, least spoken), Swahili (2008 est.)

Public and legal context

Capital: name: Gitega (political capital), Bujumbura (commercial capital); geographic coordinates: 3 25 S, 29 55 E; time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); etymology: the origin of the name Bujumbura is unclear, but "bu-" is a Bantu prefix meaning "place"; note: in January 2019, the Burundian parliament voted to make Gitega the political capital of the country while Bujumbura would remain its economic capital; as of 2023, the government's move to Gitega remains incomplete Government type: presidential republic Legal system: mixed legal system of Belgian civil law and customary law

Economy and connectivity context

Economic overview: highly agrarian, low-income Sub-Saharan economy; declining foreign assistance; increasing fiscal insolvencies; dense and still growing population; COVID-19 weakened economic recovery and flipped two years of deflation Industries: light consumer goods (sugar, shoes, soap, beer); cement, assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing (fruits) Electricity access: electrification - total population: 10.3% (2022 est.); electrification - urban areas: 64%; electrification - rural areas: 1.7% Internet users: percent of population: 11% (2023 est.) Airports: 6 (2025)

Interpretation and freshness boundary

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