World Context: Montenegro

Source and mapping status

This page maps the site registry entry “Montenegro” to the supplied dataset entity “Montenegro.” Mapping status: exact-name. The source is a frozen 2025 snapshot; dates embedded in individual fields remain controlling.

• Source entity count: 1.
• Selected public fields present: 19.
• Independent corroboration in this page: none.

Place and environment

Location: Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia Area: total : 13,812 sq km; land: 13,452 sq km; water: 360 sq km Climate: Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland Terrain: highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus Natural hazards: destructive earthquakes Environmental issues: pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets; serious air pollution in some cities from lignite power plants and household use of coal and wood for heating

Population, settlement, and language context

Population: total: 599,849 (2024 est.); male: 294,482; female: 305,367 Population distribution: highest population density is concentrated in the south and southwest; the extreme eastern border is the least populated area Urbanization: urban population: 68.5% of total population (2023); rate of urbanization: 0.45% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) Languages: Serbian 42.9%, Montenegrin (official) 37%, Bosnian 5.3%, Albanian 5.3%, Serbo-Croat 2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 4% (2011 est.)

Public and legal context

Capital: name: Podgorica; geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E; time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October; etymology: the Slavic name translates as "under the mountain," from pod (under) and gora (mountain); note: Cetinje retains the status of "Old Royal Capital" Government type: parliamentary republic Legal system: civil law

Economy and connectivity context

Economic overview: upper-middle-income, small Balkan economy; uses euro as de facto currency; reduced growth due to slowdown in tourism and industrial production; new impetus for EU accession under Europe Now government; energy price cap and declining food and services prices easing inflation rate Industries: steelmaking, aluminum, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.) Internet users: percent of population: 90% (2023 est.) Airports: 5 (2025) Ports: total ports: 4 (2024); large: 0; medium: 0; small: 1; very small: 3; ports with oil terminals: 1; key ports: Bar, Kotor, Risan, Tivat

Interpretation and freshness boundary

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