World Context: Tunisia

Source and mapping status

This page maps the site registry entry “Tunisia” to the supplied dataset entity “Tunisia.” Mapping status: exact-name. The source is a frozen 2025 snapshot; dates embedded in individual fields remain controlling.

• Source entity count: 1.
• Selected public fields present: 19.
• Independent corroboration in this page: none.

Place and environment

Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya Area: total : 163,610 sq km; land: 155,360 sq km; water: 8,250 sq km Climate: temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south Terrain: mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara Natural hazards: flooding; earthquakes; droughts Environmental issues: toxic and hazardous waste disposal; water pollution from raw sewage; limited freshwater resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification

Population, settlement, and language context

Population: total: 11,962,995 (2025 est.); male: 5,926,741; female: 6,036,254 Population distribution: the overwhelming majority of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the south remains largely underpopulated, as shown in this population distribution map Urbanization: urban population: 70.5% of total population (2023); rate of urbanization: 1.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) Languages: Arabic (official, one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce), Tamazight

Public and legal context

Capital: name: Tunis; geographic coordinates: 36 48 N, 10 11 E; time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time); etymology: the origin of the ancient name is unclear; it is sometimes associated with the name of the Phoenician goddess Tanith Government type: parliamentary republic Legal system: mixed system of civil law, based on the French civil code and Islamic (sharia) law; Supreme Court reviews some legislative acts in joint session

Economy and connectivity context

Economic overview: lower middle-income North African economy; drafting reforms for foreign lenders; high unemployment, especially for youth and women; hit hard by COVID-19; high public sector wages; high public debt; protectionist austerity measures; key EU trade partner Industries: petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate, iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.); electrification - urban areas: 100%; electrification - rural areas: 99.7% Internet users: percent of population: 72% (2023 est.) Airports: 14 (2025) Ports: total ports: 16 (2024); large: 0; medium: 3; small: 7; very small: 6; ports with oil terminals: 10; key ports: Ashtart Oil Terminal, Banzart, Didon Terminal, Gabes, La Goulette, Menzel Bourguiba, Mersa Sfax, Sousse, Tazerka Oil Terminal, Tunis

Interpretation and freshness boundary

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